Retreatment Rate Following Supracor Treatment of Hyperopic Presbyopia

To report the retreatment rate and safety of presbyopia treatment using the corneal laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure, Supracor. In this case series, bilateral LASIK using the Supracor algorithm was performed on consecutive hyperopic presbyopic patients. 

All patients were followed for a minimum of six months postoperatively. The principal outcome measures were re treatment rate, safety, efficacy in terms of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and uncorrected reading ability (vocational reading test), patient satisfaction, stability and predictability. Results: 76 eyes of 38 patients were treated. 42% of patients (16 patients) that were treated required at least one re-treatment.

Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fibers in Children: OCT Imaging, Refractive Error and Vision

To characterize peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL’s) and macular retinal structure in children with unilateral myelinated retinal nerve fibers (MRNFs). We also investigated the correlation between MRNF abnormalities and refractive error/visual acuity. 

Twelve children (7-13 years old) with MRNFs were included. Fourier domain optical coherence tomography was used to image both the peripapillary RNFL and the macular retinal structures in 6 patients. Using the instrument’s segmentation software, global RNFL thickness and central subfield thickness(CST) of the macula were analyzed. Planimetry was used to quantify the MRNF area observed on fundus photography. Visual acuity and cycloplegic refractive errors (spherical equivalent) were also recorded. Results from the MRNF-affected eye were compared with the fellow eye.

Endophthalmitis Prevention, Diagnostic Procedures and Treatment

Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the inner eye's structures, caused by an exogenous or endogenous infection with microorganisms which can multiply rapidly. It occurs most frequently after intraocular surgery. Moreover, it can also be a consequence of a penetrant eye injury or a hematogenous dissemination of microorganisms. The most common pathogens of this inflammation are bacteria, next to fungi and less frequently parasites. 

The occurrence, severity and clinical presentation of endophthalmitis depend on the way of infection, the number and virulence of pathogenic bacteria, as well as the patient's immunity state. The type of endophthalmitis can suggest the possible causative agent. Furthermore, it can help determine therapeutic approach or antibiotics to choose. The more virulent are the causative agents, the early the symptoms and signs of endophthalmitis appear. 

Epidermal Cyst of Upper Eyelid: A Case Report with Literature Review

Epidermal cysts are benign slow growing tumors resulting from proliferation of epidermal cells. Usually cysts are asymptomatic; however, they may become inflamed or secondarily infected. Epidermal cysts are solitary sub epithelial cysts, are slowly progressive and firm in consistency. They are most commonly seen on the face, scalp, neck and trunk. Epidermoid cysts are frequently seen on the upper eyelid, mainly on the conjunctiva or on the skin. This may be misdiagnosed as chalazion or sebaceous cyst. Surgical excision of the cyst in toto is the treatment of choice or else there will be recurrence, granulomatous reaction or foreign body reaction.

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Investigation of Electrolyte Changes in Bovine Vitreous at Different Postmortem Interval

Investigation of the changes in electrolyte level in the Bovine vitreous at different postmortem interval under two different temperature conditions. Ninety eight bovine right eyes from freshly slaughtered healthy cows were gotten from the government abattoir in Edo State, Nigeria. 

They were divided into two sets; forty nine right eyes were kept at 32°C while forty nine right eyes were kept at 4°C in a mobile refrigerator. The samples of vitreous were carefully aspirated from the bovine eyes within an hour of death of the animals. Measurements of the levels of cations (sodium and potassium) and anions (chloride and bicarbonate) were taken at various postmortem intervals of 2, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours, using E110111 Flame Photometer.

Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fibers in Children: OCT Imaging, Refractive Error and Vision

Myelinated retinal nerve fibers (MRNFs) are developmental anomalies of the retina that appear as white to grey-white striated patches with feathery edges, often distributed around or contiguous with the optic disc and surrounding the vascular arcades. Based on a fundus photography study including 5789 patients, Kodama et al. reported that MRNFs occur in approximately 0.57% of the population, most often involving superior and inferior-temporal per papillary areas. No MRNFs were discovered in the macula, and 7.7% were bilateral.

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Ergonomic Challenges of Employees Using Computers at Work

Ergonomically designed workstations have direct bearing on the comfort and safety of office computer users. Tremendous usage of computers in most offices of emerging economies have however, not seen accompanying applications of ergonomics in the design of computer workstations despite the numerous benefits. Injuries and discomforts therefore have higher propensity to occur since most offices formally designed for paper based work now accommodate computer workstations, without corresponding redesigning.

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Concomitant Intraocular and Orbital Space-Occupied Lesions

Concomitant intraocular and orbital space-occupied lesions are relatively rare and this is the first report stressing the underlying causes of concomitant intraocular and intra orbital lesions. In this paper, we present cases showing both intra ocular and orbital soft tissue masses and highlight their clinical, pathological and imaging features. In clinical practice supplementary space-occupied disorders that might involve both intraocular and orbital tissues require consideration.

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Contact Lenses: Out with the Old/In with the New?

To answer this question: I certainly hope not, at least not always. Without a doubt over the past several years the contact lens industry has brought forth numerous new materials, designs, and modes of contact lens manufacturing. But that should not translate into a universal switch from the “old” to the “new”. I would like to share some specific instances where older lens materials and designs should still have a place in your practice.

Although without a question newer more oxygen permeable rigid gas permeable (RGP) materials have been key to the introduction of such modalities as overnight wear of Ortho keratology lenses, these materials often have some less advantageous attributes. Although we often only consider oxygen permeability (Dk) and lens wettability when selecting a RGP material, one should also consider that such materials often have lower material hardness and greater modulus.