Autologous Serum Eye Drop in Refractory Neurotrophic Corneal Ulcer: A Case Report

To report a case of refractive neurotrophic corneal ulcer, treated successfully with 20% autologous serum eye drops. A 20 year old male presented with redness and foreign body sensation since three months associated with photophobia and progressive diminution of vision of both the eyes, right eye more than left, since 2 months. At presentation, the best corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 1/60 and left 6/12.

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Visual Eyes Optometry

In visual eye optometry comprehensive eye examination is done. It deals with visions sharpness, eye and vision problems. Maintenance of good eye health is explained by visual eyes optometry.

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A rare case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome with Glaucoma

An eight months old baby was presented with no tolerance to bright light, chronic watering and discharge from both eyes since birth. There was no family history or consanguinity. The child presented strange facial features of microcephaly, synophrys, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip and hirsutism. Close examination of the eyes presented myopic astigmatism and abnormal intraocular pressure. The child underwent trabeculotomy and the case was diagnosed Cornelia de Lange syndrome. It is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome with intrauterine growth retardation, developmental delay, mental retardation, distinctive facial features, respiratory and feeding difficulties, gastroesophageal dysfunction, and cardiac septal defects. Cornelia de Lange syndrome occurs due to the mutation of at least five genes. However, Cornelia de Lange syndrome with congenital glaucoma is a very rare case.

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The Incidence of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Kumamoto, Japan between 2009 and 2011

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a blinding disease characterized by the separation of the inner neurosensory retina from the outer retinal pigment epithelium due to a break in the retina. Fluid accumulates in the subretinal space through the break in the retina, and the decreasing function of the neurosensory retina leads to vision loss.

Previous studies have reported that the annual incidence of RRD was 7.98-18.2 per 100,000 people. Because the incidence of RRD is influenced by demographic characteristics, severe myopia, and history of cataract surgery, the incidence varies widely by region and age group. In Japan, a previous retrospective study reported that the incidence of RRD in Kumamoto Prefecture was 10.4 per 100,000 people (9.6 in males, 11.2 in females). However, this study was conducted in 1990, and the demographic characteristics in Kumamoto have changed during the last 20 years. To date, some studies have reported the incidence of RRD over a 20-year period; however, no studies have compared the 20-year data with the data from the same region 20 years previously in an Asian population.

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Concomitant Intraocular and Orbital Space-Occupied Lesions

Retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma in adults represent two of the most common primary intraocular tumors. The incidence of orbital lesions in rank order of occurrence include: thyroidal associated ophthalmopathy, vascular lesions, idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor, and lymphoproliferative neoplasia. Patients demonstrating a concomitant intraocular and orbital space occupied lesion are relatively rare and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report stressing the underlying causes of concomitant intraocular and intraorbital lesions in the literature. In this paper, we present eight cases showing simultaneous intraocular and orbital soft tissue masses and highlight their clinical, pathological and imaging features.

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Overview of Retina and Vitreous Diseases

A large variety of conditions can involve the retina and vitreous which are not readily visible, such as uveitis, retinal vasculopathy, retinal detachments or tears, macular holes, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, retinitis pigmentosa, retinoblastoma, flashes and floaters, vitreous hemorrhage, and eye tumor. These diseases affect millions of people and endanger their visual function, sometimes irreversibly. A prompt and correct diagnosis of retina and vitreous diseases is critical for restoring the lost vision or maintain the present visual acuity.

Ocular Biometry in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG)

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness all over the world after cataract blindness. In 2010, worldwide 60.5 million people were expected to have OAG (Open angle glaucoma) and ACG (Angle closure glaucoma), increasing to 79.6 million by 2020, and of these, 74% will have OAG1. Asians represent 47% of those with all glaucoma and 87% of those with ACG1. 4.5 million people with OAG and 3.9 million people with ACG were expected to have bilateral blindness in 2010, rising to 5.9 and 5.3 million people in 2020, respectively .

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Endophthalmitis Prevention, Diagnostic Procedures and Treatment

Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the inner eye's structures, caused by an exogenous or endogenous infection with microorganisms which can multiply rapidly. It occurs most frequently after intraocular surgery. Moreover, it can also be a consequence of a penetrant eye injury or a hematogenous dissemination of microorganisms. The most common pathogens of this inflammation are bacteria, next to fungi and less frequently parasites.

The occurrence, severity and clinical presentation of endophthalmitis depend on the way of infection, the number and virulence of pathogenic bacteria, as well as the patient's immunity state. The type of endophthalmitis can suggest the possible causative agent. Furthermore, it can help determine therapeutic approach or antibiotics to choose. The more virulent are the causative agents, the early the symptoms and signs of endophthalmitis appear. Such types of endophthalmitis have a bad course and poor prognosis concerning visual function. In these cases the red fundus reflex is lost quite at the beginning of the disease. Patients treated with prompt vitrectomy and intravitreal injections of antibiotics have statistically better visual outcomes and less likelihood of severe visual loss.

Ergonomic Challenges of Employees Using Computers at Work in a Tertiary Institution in Ghana

Office work is rapidly changing, as new developments in computer technology which make jobs easier are emerging. This emergence presents occupational health and safety problems for both management and employees. While the first few decades of the development of the computer for business focused mainly on automating a wide range of industrial processes, the next step brought personal computers as productivity tools and entertainment devices to homes and workplaces everywhere. More recent refinements in computers and information technology such as mobile devices have led to a host of business and consumer-focused "apps" designed to help people to be more organized, efficient and productive.

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