Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy
that causes progressive changes in the visual field and whose main known risk
factor is the increased IOP. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is associated with asymptomatic and irreversible vision loss, although its cause is unknown,
it is known that in the presence of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) occurs
sequentially death of retinal ganglion cells by apoptosis and optic nerve
fibres in its evolution cause glaucomatous optic atrophy and permanent loss of
vision. There has never been unanimously to establish which of the two
injuries, structural or functional, it can first be detected. However, experts
generally agree that early diagnosis is critical to improving the prognosis of
glaucomatous patient.
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